Gravity-Wave Excitation by Geostrophic Adjustment of the Jet Stream. Part II: Three-Dimensional Forcing

1993 ◽  
Vol 50 (1) ◽  
pp. 104-115 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhangai Luo ◽  
David C. Fritts
Keyword(s):  
Gravity Wave ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Jet Stream ◽  
Wave Excitation ◽  
Geostrophic Adjustment

scholarly journals Numerical Simulations of a Gravity Wave Event over CCOPE. Part I: The Role of Geostrophic Adjustment in Mesoscale Jetlet Formation

1997 ◽  
Vol 125 (6) ◽  
pp. 1185-1211 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael L. Kaplan ◽  
Steven E. Koch ◽  
Yuh-Lang Lin ◽  
Ronald P. Weglarz ◽  
Robert A. Rozumalski
Keyword(s):  
Numerical Simulations ◽  
Gravity Wave ◽  
Geostrophic Adjustment ◽  
Wave Event

scholarly journals GRAVITY-WAVE DETECTORS AS PROBES OF EXTRA DIMENSIONS

2005 ◽  
Vol 14 (12) ◽  
pp. 2347-2353 ◽  
Author(s):  
CHRIS CLARKSON ◽  
ROY MAARTENS
Keyword(s):  
Black Holes ◽  
String Theory ◽  
Gravity Wave ◽  
Gravity Waves ◽  
Extra Dimensions ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Observable Universe ◽  
Dimensional Spacetime ◽  
Higher Dimensional

If string theory is correct, then our observable universe may be a three-dimensional "brane" embedded in a higher-dimensional spacetime. This theoretical scenario should be tested via the state-of-the-art in gravitational experiments — the current and upcoming gravity-wave detectors. Indeed, the existence of extra dimensions leads to oscillations that leave a spectroscopic signature in the gravity-wave signal from black holes. The detectors that have been designed to confirm Einstein's prediction of gravity waves, can in principle also provide tests and constraints on string theory.

scholarly journals Three-dimensional surface printing method for interconnecting electrodes on opposite sides of substrates

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Md. Khalilur Rahman ◽  
Seong-jun Kim ◽  
Thanh Huy Phung ◽  
Jin-Sol Lee ◽  
Jaeryul Yu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Near Field ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Electrical Signal ◽  
Jet Stream ◽  
Flat Surfaces ◽  
Direct Printing ◽  
Fine Pattern ◽  
Sharp Edges ◽  
Glass Surfaces ◽  
Printing Method

Abstract As the application of the direct printing method becomes diversified, printing on substrates with non-flat surfaces is increasingly required. However, printing on three-dimensional surfaces suffers from a number of difficulties, which include ink flow due to gravity, and the connection of print lines over sharp edges. This study presents an effective way to print a fine pattern (~ 30 μm) on three different faces with sharp edge boundaries. The method uses a deflectable and stretchable jet stream of conductive ink, which is produced by near-field electrospinning (NFES) technique. Due to added polymer in the ink, the jet stream from the nozzle is less likely to be disconnected, even when it is deposited over sharp edges of objects. As a practical industrial application, we demonstrate that the method can be effectively used for recent display applications, which require the connection of electrical signal and power on both sides of the glass. When the total length of printed lines along the ‘Π’ shaped glass surfaces was 1.2 mm, we could achieve the average resistance of 0.84 Ω.

scholarly journals Gravity wave propagation in the realistic atmosphere based on a three-dimensional transfer function model

2007 ◽  
Vol 25 (9) ◽  
pp. 1979-1986 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Sun ◽  
W. Wan ◽  
F. Ding ◽  
T. Mao
Keyword(s):  
Transfer Function ◽  
Gravity Wave ◽  
Gravity Waves ◽  
Minimum Energy ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Wave Number ◽  
Transfer Function Model ◽  
Wave Band ◽  
Function Model ◽  
Ionospheric Height

Abstract. In order to study the filter effect of the background winds on the propagation of gravity waves, a three-dimensional transfer function model is developed on the basis of the complex dispersion relation of internal gravity waves in a stratified dissipative atmosphere with background winds. Our model has successfully represented the main results of the ray tracing method, e.g. the trend of the gravity waves to travel in the anti-windward direction. Furthermore, some interesting characteristics are manifest as follows: (1) The method provides the distribution characteristic of whole wave fields which propagate in the way of the distorted concentric circles at the same altitude under the control of the winds. (2) Through analyzing the frequency and wave number response curve of the transfer function, we find that the gravity waves in a wave band of about 15–30 min periods and of about 200–400 km horizontal wave lengths are most likely to propagate to the 300-km ionospheric height. Furthermore, there is an obvious frequency deviation for gravity waves propagating with winds in the frequency domain. The maximum power of the transfer function with background winds is smaller than that without background winds. (3) The atmospheric winds may act as a directional filter that will permit gravity wave packets propagating against the winds to reach the ionospheric height with minimum energy loss.

On the Turbulent Flow Downstream of a Partly Opened Throttle Valve

1994 ◽  
Vol 208 (4) ◽  
pp. 213-222
Author(s):  
T-F Hu ◽  
Y-Y Hsu
Keyword(s):  
Boundary Layer ◽  
Turbulent Flow ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Recirculation Region ◽  
Jet Stream ◽  
Hot Wire ◽  
Inlet Pipe ◽  
Wall Boundary Layer ◽  
Throttle Valve ◽  
Flow Interactions

Experimental measurements were performed in a model inlet pipe on the turbulent flow downstream of the throttle valve of a commercial motorcycle carburettor. The inlet pipe was made of a section of straight plexiglass tube to facilitate the access of hot-wire and pressure probes. Continuous dry air was drawn into the model to establish the flow. The flow downstream of the partly opened throttle valve is found composed of a recirculation region, a three-dimensional jet stream and a wall boundary layer. Complex turbulent flow interactions among the recirculation region, the jet stream and the boundary layer are observed. This study clearly demonstrates that the jet stream, which includes a major portion of the flow going downstream, shows similarity of axial velocity profiles on planes normal to the angular direction.

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